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Corneal Transplants

 What is the cornea?

The cornea is the clear front window of the eye that covers the colored iris and the round pupil. Light is focused while passing through the cornea so we can see. To stay clear, the cornea must be healthy.

How can an unhealthy cornea affect vision?

If the cornea is damaged, it may become swollen or scarred, and its smoothness and clarity may be lost. Scars, swelling or an irregular shape cause the cornea to scatter or distort light, resulting in glare or blurred vision.

A corneal transplant is needed if:

r vision cannot be corrected satisfactorily;

r painful swelling cannot be relieved by medications or special contact lenses.

What conditions may require corneal transplants?

r corneal failure after other eye surgery, such as cataract surgery;

r keratoconus, a steep curving of the cornea;

r hereditary corneal failure, such as fuchs' dystrophy;

r scarring after infections, especially after herpes;

r rejection after first corneal transplant.

r scarring after injury,

What happens if you decide to have a corneal transplant?

BEFORE SURGERY

r Once you and your ophthalmologist decide you need a corneal transplant, your name is put on the list at the local eye bank. Usually, the wait for a donor cornea is not very long.

r Before a cornea is released for transplant, the eye bank tests the human donor for the viruses that cause hepatitis and AIDS. The cornea is carefully checked for clarity.

r Your ophthalmologist may request that you have a physical examination and other special tests. If you usually take medications, ask your doctor if you should continue using them.

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